Routing # 321076470

How to Prepare for a Disaster

June 12, 2024 5 min

You never think it will happen to you. 也许你看到过灾难袭击邻居、同事、朋友甚至是亲密的家庭成员. 然而不知何故,你认为你的好运(到目前为止)会继续保证你的安全. But disasters can impact anyone.

做好准备会让你和你的家人在灾难来袭时更有信心,甚至可能挽救生命.

Know which disasters you are likely to face

Depending on where you live, you may face wildfires, flooding, earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes and more. It’s important to find out which disasters are most common in your area. 例如,你不会因为地震而撤离,但你可能会因为野火、洪水或海啸而撤离. 野火和洪水时的逃生路线可能会有所不同.

Have a disaster plan and practice it

A disaster can happen quickly. 你最好的防御就是为你和你的家人制定一个准备计划. 有一个坚实的计划将帮助每个人更好地应对、应对和恢复.

当地政府可以就如何应对特定灾害提供建议. But here are some key steps everyone can take:

Get emergency alerts. 你越早知道即将到来的灾难越好. 大多数较新的手机接收联邦紧急事务管理局(FEMA)的紧急警报。. 设置你的通知,这样当有事情发生时你就会收到提醒. 检查手机的“政府警报”或“紧急警报信息”设置.” Or download the FEMA app 到您的手机接收实时天气和紧急警报.

Review the basics. Equip your home with a flashlight, a fire extinguisher and a fire blanket, 确保你家里的每个人都知道在哪里可以找到他们. 如果你有孩子,教他们在紧急情况下拨打911. 你的家人也应该学习心肺复苏术和急救. 你还应该知道如何关闭你的公用设施,以防当局要求你这样做.

Plan home escape routes. 家里每个房间至少有两个出口,并确保它们没有被堵塞. 如果你的卧室在二楼,可以考虑安装逃生梯. (如果地震时你在家,请呆在室内. Move into a hallway or next to a wall.)

Practice escaping your home. 与家人分享你的逃跑计划,每年进行两次跑步练习,包括在晚上. 如果你家里有小孩、宠物或年长的家庭成员,派人帮助他们逃离. 一定要指定一个户外见面的地方.

Plan a neighborhood evacuation. 根据情况,你可能需要疏散你的邻居. 地方当局可以分享应对各种灾害的最佳路线. In a flood, for example, 通常最好是向内陆行进(但要避免在洪水中行驶), which might sweep you away). The FEMA app provides the locations of shelters in your area.

如果你需要撤离,在当局同意之前不要回家. 如果你的房子被损坏了,让检查员在进入之前检查一下.

Create a family communication plan. 如果你和家人走散了,手机没电了, you’ll have a hard time finding loved ones. 因此,创建一个纸质文件,列出家庭成员的电话号码和电子邮件地址. 然后给每个家庭成员一本存放在他们的钱包里. The federal government suggests using this handy form.

Prepare your kids. 如果你有孩子,教他们在灾难中该怎么做. Make it fun with these disaster prep games.

Create a disaster kit with supplies to last several days. An emergency kit should include:

  • cash and a credit card
  • 水和不会变质的食物(如罐头食品和蛋白质棒)
  • sleeping bags
  • a change of clothes and shoes
  • special baby items, if needed
  • pet supplies, if needed
  • 急救箱(包括任何处方药)
  • a blanket
  • matches (stored in a waterproof container)
  • a signal flare
  • a battery-powered radio
  • a flashlight
  • extra batteries

在车里放一条毯子和水也是明智的.

Organize important documents

如果你需要撤离,你会想要获得药物处方和其他关键信息.

So make sure you have both digital and hard copies of important documents. Paper copies, stored in your disaster kit, 当你的手机没电或无法上网时,它能派上用场吗.

Helpful documents include:

  • 个人身份证明(如出生证明、驾照、护照等)
  • medical records (including prescriptions)
  • insurance policies
  • your home deed, lease or rental agreement
  • financial account information
  • 紧急电话号码(供雇主、学校和社会服务提供者使用)
  • 你希望保险公司更换的物品清单, along with the purchase prices; for big-ticket items like appliances and electronics, it’s helpful to have receipts

Have emergency funds ready

如果灾难发生了,你最不需要的就是难以获得资金. It can be helpful to set aside actual cash. 如果你有保险箱,在里面放几百美元.

你还应该有一个应急基金来帮助你度过灾难. 大多数理财专家建议,把三个月的开支放在储蓄账户里. If you have kids, 在不稳定的行业工作或自雇, 考虑存足够的钱来支付六个月的开支.

确保你知道你的支票簿、信用卡和借记卡放在哪里. 你的应急基金应该存在一家拥有自动取款机网络和可靠的移动应用程序的银行.

Once you’ve recovered from a disaster, 重建你的应急基金,这样你就可以为接下来发生的事情做好准备.

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